Apparatus for separating magnetic materials from other materials or from liquids.



A. E. DAVIES.

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING MAGNETIC MATERIALS FROM OTHER MATERIALS OR FROM LIQUIDS.

APPLICATION FILED DEG.28.1908

Patented Dec. 27, 1910.

Arr-nub Evan 'nA-vms; or BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND. v

APPARATUS FOR SEPAR YATING MAGNETIC MATERIALS FROM OTHER MATERIALS O11"v Faun mourns.

To all whomit may, concern:

Be it known that- I, ALFRED EVAN DAVIES a, citizen of- Great Britain, and airesident of 18 The Crescent, Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, England, director, have invented..certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Separating Magnetic Materials-from other Materialsor from Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

The improvements consist in building up a trayv ortrough with its bottom" formed of alternate bars of magnetic'and non-magnetic material and in the provision of means whereby the magnetic. material accumulated by the magnetic bars may be removed,- the object being to compel the materials to be separated to passover a succession of: magnetic edges, to render the apparatus more positive in. effecting the purpose for which it is intended.

The invention further consists in prov-id.-

inga structure whereby said trough is pivoted and capable of oscillation, and in the provision of electro-magneticallyv operated means for maintaining the trough in its working position, this structure permitting of deflecting the flow of material to be treatedfrom the course followed'by the purified material, when the magnetism of the separator fails.

'Ilhe invention is illustrated in the nccompanying drawings, in which: 1 Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a complete apparatus, showing the arrangement of the supplemental tray and the means for preventing the flow of the liquidover the separator when the magnetism of the sepa rator fails. Fig. 2 is a detail view of the supplemental tray' built up in accordance with-the invention for insertion in the magnetic trough for facilitating clearing of the magnetic material.

The 1nvent1on may be used for dry materials which are fed by hand or by suitable mechanical means onto the upper part of the separating tray A and pass down the tray to the bottom'edge, separation belng effected during such passage. The separating tray A is practically of box form with magnets housed therein. The surface is formed of alternately disposed magnetic and non-magnetic bars a a respectively. The magnetIc barsza are preferably of soft iron and are arranged transversely across the tray. They are separated by strips (1- of non-magnetic Specification of Letters Patent. Anplicatioufil ed llecember 28, 1908; Serial No. 469,620.

1 material such as brass and the two sets of strips are preferably connected in the manner illustrated in Fig. 1. The strips a are formed with tenons a at their edges, one toward the underside of the strip and the other projecting from the upper side. The grooves'for these in the strips 0 are about central thus throwing the strips a into an inclined position flush or approximately so with the strips a at one edge and below same at the other, as clearly shownin Fig. 1. As the materials are passing down the tray in the'direction of the arrows, Fig. 1, the magnetic material accumulates in the slight recess or pocket which is formed at the edge of each magnetic strip a this formation further leaves av defined magnetic edge clear of each non-magnetic bar or strip.

The-magnets B are housed in the box part under the surface of the tray. They conthat all the projecting ends of the studs 1) are ofone polarity and the next transverse row is wound in the contrary direction to cause the studs in that row to possess an opposite po1arity. This arrangement of cores with separate windings formin a number of-separate poles of the same po arity under each magnetic bar is found very effective giving great strength to the magnetic bars of the tray. The studs or cores 6 come immediately under the magnetic bars a and the-latter are strongly magnetized by.contact.

The sides a of the tray, A or one of such sides, may be hinged to enable them to be turned down to facilitate the clearing of the magnetic substance from the tray after an operation, but this is not a necessity and is not shown on the drawings.

In. use the current is switched onto the magnetic circuit and the material to be Patented Dec. 2-7, 1910.

separated fed either by hand or by mechanical means into the tray. The inclination of the tray effects the movement of the material from the back of the tray to the front so that it has to pass over the successive magflows to the desired position for use or to storage ready for use.

The magnetic bars a and non-magnetlc bars a of the separator A are rabbeted or otherwise connected and the liquid in its passage down the separator has to pass over a series ofsuccessive magnetic edges as is the case with the dry materials in the example previously described. When the bars a and a are suitably rabbeted together a series of V as pockets or recesses are formed into which the liquid flows so that it is longer in contact with each magnetic edge; theiron in the liquid accumulates in these pockets against the edges of the magnetic strips as will be understood.

Special means may be provided for the effective removal from the trough of the iron or steel reclaimed from the liquid which with such apparatus is of considerable 1mportance. Said means may consist'of a tray of magnetic and non-magnetic material bullt up alternately as before, such as 0, Figs. 1'

and 2, which is employed inside the fixed magnetic -trough; this. tray should correspond in size to the trough and being mag-' netize'd by induction arrests the iron and steel in the same way as the trough 1n the previous cases. When bullt up to correspond with the trough the magnetic and non-magnetic strips of the tray will be spaced and sized to agreWith the strips of the trough. To remove the iron and steel the feed is stopped and the current switched off when the tray 0 can be lifted out of the trough and easily and quickly cleared of the contents. 1

In such cases as that previously mentioned where. the liquid to be treated passes over the separator on its way to be worked, it is of great importance-to provide a device in casethe magnetism of the separator fails, for preventing the flowing of the liquid over the separator to the troughs beyond, which would carry the accumulated particles of iron ofi" the magnets forward into the cleansed material. A device for this purpose is shown at Fig. 1, where the separating trough A is shown as pivoted and capable of oscillation. The trough is held up to its place in the system by electromagnets d attracting iron work such as d on the pivotal trough. The magnets 03 are in the ,materials from other materials, a tray trough, the bottom of whichis formed of same circuit with the windings for magnetizing the separator so that shouldthe current quick flow over the magnetic trough is preferred and is easily obtained by inclining the trough to a suitable angle to the horizontal.

I claini- I 1. In combination with a magnetic separator having a tray and means for magnetizing said tray, a supplemental tray adapted for insertion in said first named tray, a portion of the bottom of said supplemental tray being adapted to be magnetized by induction from said first mentioned tray.

2. In apparatus for separating magnetic materials from other materials, a tray having a portion of its bottom adapted to be magnetized, means for magnetizing said bottom portions, and a supplemental tray adapted for insertion in said first named tray, the bottom of said supplemental tray being formed of bars of magnetic and nonmagnetic material alternately disposed and adapted to be magnetized by induction from said first mentioned tray.

3. In apparatus for separating magnetic or bars of magnetic and non-magnetic material alternately disposed, electro-magnets disposed beneath the tray or trough for magnetizing the bars, a feed trough communicating'with said first-named trough, and a supplemental tray adapted for insertion in said .first named tray, the bottom ofsaid supplemental tray being'formed of bars of magnetic and non-ma netic material alternately disposed and a apted to be magnetized by induction from said first mentioned trough.

4. In apparatus for separating magnetic materials from other materials, a tray or trough, the. bottom of which is formed of bars 7 of magnetic and non-magnetic material alternately disposed, electro-magnets disposed beneath the tray or trough for magnetizin the bars, a feed trough communicating wit said first named trough, said firstnamed trough being pivoted and provided with magnetizable iron pieces, supplementary electro-magnets adapted to magnetize said iron pieces whereby said first-named trough may be maintained in its normal ositiori, and a supplementary tray adapted for insertion in said first named trough, the bottom of said su plementary tray being formed of bars of magnetic and non magnetic material alternately disposed and adapted to be magnetized by induction from said first mentioned trough.

5; In apparatus for separating magnetic materials from other materials, a tray or trough, the bottom of which is formed of bars of magnetic and non-magnetic material alternately disposed, electro-magnets disposed beneath the tray or trou h for magnetizing the bars, a feed trougI1 communieating with said first named trough, and a supplemental tray adapted for insertion in said first named tray, the bottom of said supplemental tray being adapted to be magnetized by induction from said first mentioned trough.

6-. In apparatus for separating magnetic materials from other materials, a tray or trough, the bottom of which is formed of bars of magnetic and non-magnetic material alternately disposed, means for magnetizing said bars, a feed trough communicatin with said first named trough, means associated with said first named trough whereby the magnetic material accumulated by said magnetic bars may be removed, said first named trough bein pivoted and capable of oscillation, an electro-magnetically operated means for maintaining said trough in its working position.

7 In apparatus for separatingmagnetic materials from other materials, a gravitally bodily shiftable tray or trou h, the. bottom of which is formed of bars oi magnetic and non-magnetic material alternately disposed, means for magnetizing said bars, a feed trough communicating with said first named trough, a supplementary tray adapted for insertion in said first named trough, and shiftable therewith so as to deflect the 'material fed from the course followed by the purified material, the bottom of said supplementary tray being formed of bars of ma netic and non-magnetic material alternate y disposed and adapted to be magnetized by induction from said first mentioned trough, and electro-magnetically operated means for maintaining said first mentioned trough in its working position.

Signed at Birmin ham in the county of Warwick, England t is 9th day of December A. D. 1908.

ALFRED EVAN DAVIES.

Witnesses:

F. GILBERT BECHTELL, J. BEAUMONT PERoIvAL. 

